乡村旅游的“城市性”因素及发展策略

The Urban Factors and Development Strategies of Rural Tourism

城市化不但使城市人口大量增加、城市景观深刻改变,而且造就了一种“作为生活方式的城市性”。这种“城市生活方式”虽然具有进步性与合理性,但也导致人们的社会关系缩减、人际交流贫乏、生活节奏加快、生活习惯不良、心理压力过大、工作过度疲劳以及环境污染等问题。乡村因为拥有与城市不同的自然景观,相对完整地保存了古朴的民风民俗,具有舒缓、融洽、随和的社会关系,在城市化过程中逐渐成为富有吸引力的“旅游资源”,成为人们暂时逃避城市生活方式压迫的一个场所。发展乡村旅游,必须充分考虑到“城市性”因素的存在,有的放矢,方能取得好的效果。

The rise of rural tourism results from the development of urbanization. Urbanization not only increases the population of cities, improves the views of the city, but also creates ＂urbanism as a way of life＂. Although this kind of life style possesses its own progressive and rational points, it results in certain problems, such as loose social relationship, indigent interpersonal communication, quick life rhythm, unhealthy living habits, extremely heavy mental stress, immoderate fatigue from work, environmental pollution and so on. With their different natural scenes, relatively complete folkways and customs, the villages create a comfortable, harmonious environment with easy social relationship, becoming therefore not only attractive ＂ tourist resources＂ in the process of urbanization, but also shelters for people who want to get rid of the familiar city life temporally. We must take into account the ＂urbanization＂ phenomenon during the promotion of rural tourism if we want rural tourism to grow smoothly and effectively.