测验情境对错误记忆的影响

The Effect of Test Context on False Memory

本研究采用DRM范式,通过两个实验考察测验情境对错误记忆的影响,结果发现:(1)在两个实验中均产生了错误记忆现象:实验一关键诱饵的错误再认率为M=0.514,SD=0.233;实验二关键诱饵的总错误再认率M=0.510,SD=0.215;(2)学习词表的语义关联越大,错误再认率越低:实验一项目语义关联程度主效应显著,F(1,84)=6.145,MSE=0.312,p=0.015;实验二,F(1,84)=5.143,MSE=0.225,p=0.026;(3)关键诱饵的位置造成了不同的情境效应:实验一,关键诱饵出现在第一个位置和第二个位置之间错误再认率差异显著(p=0.024);实验二,关键诱饵出现第二个位置和第三个位置之间的错误再认率边缘显著(p=0.052)。该研究揭示了情境对错误记忆的影响。

With the DRM paradigm we made two experiments to investigate the role of test context in creating false memory. The findings indicated that （1） false memory appeared in the two experiments, the false recognition rating of lure in experiment 1 being M = 0. 514, SD = 0. 233, being M = 0. 514, SD = 0. 233 in Experiment 2; （2）the stronger the semantic association of the training items, the lower the rates of false recognition （in Experiment 1, F（1,84） = 6. 145, MSE = 0. 312, p = 0. 015 ; in Experiment 2, F （1,84） = 5. 143, MSE = 0. 225, p = 0. 026）; （3） the location conditions of the lure affected false recognition differently： in Experiment 1, the rates of false recognition in the first location was significantly lower than that in the second location （p = 0. 024）; in Experiment 2, the rates of false recognition in the second location was marginally significant-lower than that in the third location （p = 0. 052）. This research implied that test context influenced false memory.