从岳飞的素养看宋代家族教育

The Clan Education in the Song Dynasty,As Seen Through the Accomplishment of Yue Fei

岳飞出身于贫寒家庭,没有受过正规的学校教育,但他被誉为文武全器之才。岳飞为亲尽孝,为君尽忠,传统道德和礼仪观念十分浓重。其不凡素质与他成长的家庭环境有直接关系,是封建时代家教成人、成才的典范。宋代从司马光到朱熹等,都十分重视家族教育的立制和规范。岳飞在侍亲、事君、礼贤、母丧之哀等方面及表奏题咏中所表现出的素养,折射出宋代家族教育的世风和特色。

Yue Fei coming from a poor family wasn＇t formally educated in school, but he was praised as a man who was versed in both polite letters and martial arts. Yue Fei fulfilled filial piety to his parents and the duty of loyalty to the emperor, and his traditional morality and idea of etiquette were very strong. The family environment that Yue Fei grew up in had a direct influence on his outstanding quality, and he was a model of becoming a useful person by family education during the feudal era. In the Song Dynasty people from Sima Guang to Zhu Xi, etc., all paid great attention to setting the standards of clan education and the details of implementing the standards. The accomplishment of Yue Fei in the etiquette was embodied in many sides such as his attending the parents, serving the emperor, his behaviors towards the wise men, his behaviors after the death of his mother, his writings etc., which reflected the public morals and characteristics of the clan education in the Song Dynasty.