瓜叶菊上美洲斑潜蝇的生物学特性及蛹的耐寒性研究

Study on Biological Characteristics and Pupa Cold Tolerance of Liriomyza sativae on Florists cineraria

研究结果表明,温室花卉瓜叶菊上饲养的美洲斑潜蝇在15、20、25、30、35℃时全世代的发育历期为47.0、25.0、15.5、12.5、12.0 d;瓜叶菊上美洲斑潜蝇的卵、幼虫、蛹和全世代的发育起点温度为8.5、9.8、10.2、10.4℃,有效积温分别为52.7、75.8、158.5、262.2 d.℃;美洲斑潜蝇在宁夏露地瓜叶菊上一年发生7代,温室中全年发生。温室中美洲斑潜蝇在瓜叶菊、翠菊、黄瓜、豌豆上的发育历期长短顺序为黄瓜>翠菊>瓜叶菊>豌豆,而蛹的羽化率顺序为豌豆>瓜叶菊>翠菊>黄瓜。在10、0、-15、20℃时美洲斑潜蝇蛹存放时间越长,死亡率越高,宁夏露地美洲斑潜蝇不能越冬。

Liriomyza sativae was raised on Florist cinerarias in greenhouse at 15 ℃, 20℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃ and 35 ℃. Development duration of the entire generation were 47.0 d, 25.0 d, 15.5 d, 12.5 d, 12.0 d. The growth beginning temperatures of egg, larva, pupa and entire generation of Liriomyzasativae were 8.5 ℃, 9.8 ℃, 10.2℃ and 10.4 ℃, And the effective accumulated temperatures were 52.7 d＇~C, 75.8 d·℃, 158.5 d·℃ and 262.2 d ·℃, respectively. Liriomyza sativae had 7 generations on Florist cinerarias in Ningxia each year, However, it occurred through the whole year in greenhouse. Development duration in greenhouse was cucumber〉 Callestephus chinensis〉 Florist cinerarias 〉 pea. But emergence rate order of pupa was pea〉 Florist cinerarias 〉 Callestephus chinensis 〉 cucumber. At 10 ℃, 0 ℃, -15℃ and 20 ℃, with the extension of storage time of Liriomyza sativae pupa, the mortality rate became higher, After exposed for 24 hours at -15℃, the survival rate was 0. Liriomyza sativae was not able to survive through the winter in Ningxia.