豫西山楂锈病病原鉴定·病害流行规律及发病条件研究

Study on Hawthorn Rust Pathogen Identification,Epidemic Laws and Disease Occurrence Conditions in Western Henan

对豫西山楂锈病的病原鉴定、病害流行规律及发病条件进行了研究。结果表明:山楂锈病病原菌有2种,一种为梨胶锈菌山楂专化型(Gymnosporangium haraeamum Syd.F.sp.Crataegicola),另一种为珊瑚胶锈菌[Gymnosporangium clavariiforme(Jacq) DC.],优势种为梨胶锈菌山楂专化型,其冬孢子萌发适温为10-25℃,担孢子萌发适温为15-25℃;该病菌以菌丝体在桧柏针叶、小枝及主干上部组织上的菌瘿中越冬,以担孢子借风雨和气流传播侵染危害;早春降雨有利于山楂锈病病菌的传播与侵染。

Hawthorn rust disease in western Henan was studied. The results showed that there were two hawthorn rust pathogen, one was Gymnosporartgium haraeamum Syd. F. sp. Crataegicola, the other was Gymnosporangium clavariiforme （Jacq） DC. The former was dominant species, winter spore germination temperature of which was 10~25 ℃. But its optimal temperature for basidiospore germination was 15 -25℃. Mycelium in bacteria could live through the winter on the needles, trunk and upper organizations of Sabina chinensis. Basidiospore spread by wind, rain and air and caused hazards. Early spring rains helped the germ spread and infection of hawthorn rust disease.