2004-2006年汕头市食源性致病菌监测研究

Surveillance for food-borne pathogens in Shantou from 2004 to 2006

目的了解汕头市主要食品中致病菌污染状况,探索污染来源,为有效采取相应的预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法2004-2006年每年夏秋季在汕头市集贸市场、超市和牛奶公司采集样品进行致病菌的监测,按国标方法对食品中沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7以及海产品中的副溶血性弧菌进行分离和鉴定。结果采集5类样品共251份检出致病菌56份,总检出率为22.31%(56/251),其中沙门菌检出率1.99%(5/251),单核细胞增生李斯特菌检出率19.92%(50/251)、大肠杆菌O157:H7检出率为0.40%(1/251),另一类食品海产品的副溶血性弧菌检出率高达41.93%(13/31)。结论汕头市食品中食源性致病菌污染情况不容乐观,采集的5类主要食品均受到食源性致病菌不同程度的污染。

Objective The study was conducted to explore the source of pollution with the understanding of general pathogenic bacteria pollution of food in Shantou for further scientific preventive and control measures, Methods Samples were collected for pathogenic bacteria detection in marketplace,supermarket and milk company in summer and autumn from 2004 to 2006. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escberichia coli O157：H7 in food and Vibrio parahaemolyticus from seafood were differentiated and identified according to the national standard guidelines. Results 56 pathogenic bacteria samples were identified in the 251 samples of five categories, the isolating rate being 22.31%（56/251）. The specific isolating rates were： salmonella 5（1.99%）, Listeria monocytogenes 50 （19.92%）, and Escherichiacoli O157：H7 1 （0.40%）. The isolating rate of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood reached 41.93% （13/31）. Conclusion Pathogens contaminated food should be paid high attention to in Shantou. Five kinds of major food were all polluted by pathogenic bacteria to specific extents. Safe and sanitary food should be guaranteed by strengthened surveillance for pathogenic bacteria and exploration of polluting source, as well as specific control and prevention, which is the key to the prevention of food-borne diseases.