2000-2004年浙江省温州市狂犬病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of rabies in Wenzhou City of Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2004

目的了解浙江省温州市狂犬病的流行特征及其影响因素,以便采取更有针对性的防治对策和措施。方法对报告的狂犬病病例做流行病学调查,在疫区对动物作尼氏小体检查。结果2000-2004年共报告狂犬病病例26例,其中2004年发病最多。传染源为犬和猫。潜伏期为43d。绝大部分患者未进行伤口处理或处理不规范。26例中20例在暴露后未接种疫苗,3例未全程接种。26例患者均未使用抗狂犬病血清。在疫区的犬中检出尼氏小体。结论温州市是狂犬病新发疫源地。应提高群众的防范意识,一旦被动物抓伤、咬伤,应及时清洗创面,正确处理伤口,24h内接种狂犬病疫苗和抗狂犬病血清。应进一步加强犬类等宿主动物的管理。

Objective This study was designed to find out the characteristics and the influence factors of rabies epidemics in Wenzhou City, so that the prevention and control measures could be taken with more pertinence. Methods An epidemiological investigation on reported rabies cases were carried out, and Negri bodies were detected in animals in endemic areas. Results Twenty-six cases were reported from 2000 to 2004, most of whom were reported in 2004.The infectious sources were found out to be a dog and a cat. The latent period was 43 days on average. The majority of rabies patients didn＇t have their wounds properly treated or treated incorrectly. Twenty patients out of 26 were not immunized with any vaccine after exposure, and three were not immunized following the schedule. No patient was immunized with anti-rabies serum. Negri bodies were detected in a dog in the endemic area. Conclusion Whenzhou City is a new endemic area of rabies. People should be educated about the importance of cleaning and treating the wounds in time and correctly after being scratched or bitten by animals and of getting immunized with rabies vaccine and anti-rabies serum within 24 hours after exposure. The management of rabies hosts such as dogs should be strengthened further.