药物基因组学与个性化药物设计研究进展

Progress of Pharmacogenomics and Individual Drug Design

药物基因组学是采用基因组学的信息和研究方法,通过分析DNA的遗传变异和监测基因表达谱,以阐明药物反应差异的遗传学本质。这不仅有利于根据药物代谢和药物反应的遗传学特点指导合理用药,而且有利于开发和设计新的药物。综述药物基因组学研究进展,论述与药物开发和临床用药相关的药物代谢的基因组学原理,给出CYP450、药物转运蛋白等实例,概述药物基因组学的一些潜在的用途,预测药物基因组学的发展和临床应用前景。

Pharmacogenomics is a branch studying how an individual genetic inheritance affects the body＇s response to drugs. A goal of pharmacogenomics is to guide the drug design and discovery so as to optimize the therapeutic benefit and minimize the potential toxicity. Genetic-based differences in drug metabolism have long been recognized but just now are on the verge of wider clinical application. Differences in efficacy of drugs based on common genetic variations （polymorphisms） only recently have started to be explored, but the potential for clinical application and drug development appears promising. This review describes some of the recent advances in pharmacogenomics research. The principles of pharmacogenomics applied to drug metabolism that are relevant to the drug development and clinical use were discussed, and examples were given for CYP450 enzymes and drug transporters. The current and future clinical potential was summarized. The rapid research progresses and initial clinical applications of oharmacogenomics were also foreseen in the near future.