老年患者医院感染的病原菌分析

Analysis of the pathogenic bacteria in the elderly patients with nosocomial infection

目的了解我院60岁以上老年患者医院感染的病原菌分布及其耐药情况。方法用VITEK-AMS鉴定细菌并作体外药敏试验,统计并分析老年患者医院感染病原菌种类和药敏结果。结果老年患者医院感染的发生率较高(13.7%),尤以呼吸道感染多见(占76.0%)。病原菌分布以铜绿假单孢菌(25.0%)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(14.8%)等非发酵菌多见,其次为大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等肠杆菌科细菌。引起老年患者医院感染的病原菌的耐药性较强,尤以嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌等非发酵菌的耐药性强。不同种类病原菌其耐药谱各不相同。结论老年医院感染患者,其病原菌耐药程度高,应参考药敏试验结果选用抗菌药。

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from the elderly patients with nosocomial infection. Methods Bacterial identification and susceptibility testing were done with VITEK AMS. Results The prevalence of nosocomial infection was 13.7%. Respiratory tract infection was the most common infection, about 76.0% of all nosocomial infections. The most frequently isolated bacteria were nonfermenters, especially P. aeruginosa （25.0%） and S. maltophilia （14.8%）. The resistance rates of these isolates to antibiotics were rather high. Conclusions The bacteria isolated from the elderly patients with nosocomial infection are highly resistant. The antimicrobial therapy should be based on the results of susceptibility testing.