20年来中俄学术界的俄国共济会研究综述

General Depictions of China and Russian Studies on The Russia's Freemasonry in Recent Twenty Years

共济会作为一个正式的组织,起源于18世纪初的英国,后经法国传入俄国,从此它就成为一支贯穿整个俄国和苏联史的带有秘密组织性质的重要政治、经济和文化力量。从18世纪的俄国启蒙运动到19世纪初的十二月党人革命,再到20世纪初的二月革命和十月革命,无处不闪现着共济会员的身影,从诺维科夫、保罗一世到普希金再到李沃夫、克伦斯基,无一不接受了共济会的熏陶。

As a formal organization, Freemasonry originated from England at the early 18th century. Then it was introduced to Russia and since that it played and plays a important political and cultural role in the whole history of Russia. The Freemasons joined in the Russia＇ s Enlightenment in the 18th century, the Decembrist＇ s Revolution in 1825, the February and October Revolution in 1917. Many famous persons, for example, Novikov, Pushkin, PaulI , Livov and K elincki, are freemasons.