试论医学人才的初期培养工作

The training of medical specialists in their early stage

医学人才的初期培养堪称“黄金时期”，这一期包括在校、实习、住院医三阶段。在校阶段，向学生传授基础理论、基本知识、基本技能，重点突出能力培养，即自学、适应、承受、动手、分析、判断等能力；实习阶段主要是让学生将在校所学知识与实践相结合，为病人服务，通过开展“一二三四”教学法，培养学生诊治与解决常见病能力，并注重医德教育，使之树立全心全意为病人服务的思想；住院医阶段，是学生进行某一学科正规专业化培养过程，突出制度化、系统化、规范化、科学化培养，通过轮转科室，提高其整体思维分析、判断能力。

The training of medical specialists in their early or “golden” stage includes the three periods of school education, internship and hospital residency. At school, students are given instructions on fundamental theories, basic knowledge and basic skill. The focus of school training is on the development of capability which covers self cultivation, adaptation, endurance, operation, analysis and judgment. As interns, they are mainly to combine what they have learned at school with the practice of treating patients and to develop the capabilyty of curing common diseases under the pedagogics of “One Two Three Four”. The development of medical ethics is especially stressed so that a sense of serving the patients whole heartedly is firmly established. During the period of hospital residency, the students are channeled to carry on the regular study of a specialized branch, stressing the cultivation of the professional concepts of instiutionalization, systemization, standardization and science orientation. They grow to be specialists through a rotation of jobs who have obtained an all round way of thinking, analysis and judgment.