自然美的历史嬗变和现代意义

Historical Transformation and Modern Significance of Natural Beauty

在美学史中,自然美和艺术美一直被视作美的两大基本类型。传统上,艺术美被看作是美的最高形态,所有的美学问题大多围绕着艺术问题而展开,如此一来,在历史上,自然美要么被忽视,要么被放在次一级的地位上加以讨论。事实上,这种高下之分本身是粗率的,这种粗率在人类进入现代社会之后暴露得愈加明显。随着人与自然的审美关系的日益复杂化、多元化,自然美也已经逐渐从以前的“低级”状态中摆脱出来,成为美学领域中的重要课题。基于这样一种学术观念的转型,对自然美的重新认识是自然而然的学术需要。考察自然美的历史嬗变过程和现代意义,便有了很强的现实意义和理论意义。

Natural beauty and artistic beauty are basic categories in the history of aesthetics. Artistic beauty has been regarded as the highest form of beauty traditionally. And the most important questions in aesthetics involve artistic beauty. The natural beauty was neglected or discussed at a lower level. In fact, this way of defining is simple and rough in itself. And the flaw emerged obviously when man came into modern society. As the aesthetic relationship between man and nature become more and more complicated and multivariate. Natural beauty has risen from the lower position to gradually become an important topic of aesthetics. It is natural academically to re-analyse natural beauty with the change of the academic notion. So it is valuable to analyse the transformation and the modern significance of natural beauty.