高强度聚焦超声波辐照细粒棘球蚴包囊的热效应

The heat effect of irradiation with high intensity focused ultrasound on the hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus

目的通过检测高强度聚焦超声波(HIFU)照射棘球蚴包囊后囊液、囊壁、包囊周围肝组织温度和原头蚴死亡率,了解HIFU处理后不同部位的升温效应,探索HIFU杀伤棘球蚴的方法和效果。方法采集感染细粒棘球绦虫的新鲜羊肝,选取囊壁较薄,触摸弹性较好,直径介于10mm到45mm之间的包囊42个。采用随机区组设计的方法分组,对照组用普通超声照射,实验组用200W声功率HIFU直线扫描的方法照射,照射时间分别为2min,4min,6min,8min,10min。照射后立即测定囊液、囊壁、距包囊5mm部位肝组织的温度。抽取囊液、涂片,经台盼兰染色后计数原头蚴的死亡率。结果HIFU照射后,棘球蚴囊壁、囊液、包囊周围肝组织的温度均有升高,其中囊壁的温度升高最为明显,且与囊液、包囊周围肝组织之间有显著差异;囊液中的原头蚴死亡率增加。结论HIFU照射使棘球蚴包囊的囊壁产生明显的升温效应,HIFU照射对原头蚴有杀伤作用。

The temperatures in hydatid fluid, cyst wall and hepatic tissues around cysts of Echinococcus granulosus after irradiation with high intensity focused ultrasound （HiFU） were measured in order to explore the heat effect after irradiation, so as to obtain a the cysts of this better method to kill cysts of this worm. Forty two cysts with thin wall ,good elasticity and a di- ameter of 10-45 mm were selected from the fresh sheep livers after the infected sheeps had beert slaughtered immediately, and they were divided into 6 groups by stratified sampling method, in which the test group was treated by irradiation with HIFU of the 200 W sound power for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minutes, and the control group was irradiated with ordinary ultrasound. Just af- ter irradiation with HIFU, the temperature of hydatid fluid, cyst wall and the hepatic tissues around cysts were measured ac- cordingly, and the instant death rate of protoscoleces was determined by trypan blue exclusion assay from the hydatid fluid. It was demonstrated that after HIFU irradiation, the temperatures in cyst wall, hydatid fluids and the hepatic tissues around cysts increased definitely, in which the temperature in cyst wall showed the most significant elevation and appeared to be higher than those in cyst fluid and the hepatic tissues around cysts. Meanwhile, the death rate of protoscoleces was also increased. It is concluded that the heat effect on cyst wall of E. granulosus and the killing effect upon protoscoleces after irrdiation with high intensity focused ultrasound are obvious.