林登·约翰逊与越南战争的“美国化”

Lyndon Johnson and the Americanization of the Vietnam War

林登.约翰逊虽然没有把越南问题看作是美国外交的中心,但是,由于他断然拒绝了越南“中立化”的建议,先后批准了“34A行动计划”和“横滚”作战计划,实施“雷鸣行动”,命令美国海军陆战队在越南登陆,从而将战火一步步烧到越南北方,使越南战争日益成为一场“美国人的战争”。而他本人,由于美国日益陷入越南战争的泥沼,被迫声明不再竞选连任,付出了惨重的政治代价。

Lyndon Johnson didn＇t regard Vietnam War as the center of American＇s diplomatic policy, but the Vietnam War spread from South to North and inevitably becoming endless Americanization, following his refutation of Middle Vietnam, the OPLAN-34A raids in February 1964 and Rolling Thunder Operation in March 1965. As a result, Lyndon Johnson was abhorred becoming the first U.S resident to lose a war.