东洞庭湖湿地野生鸟类资源调查研究

Investigation and research of feral bird resources in wetland of East Dongting Lake

根据在东洞庭湖湿地实地实时调查,共鉴定鸟类2 172只,合计23种,隶属6目14科;东洋界鸟类7种,古北界鸟类1种,广布种鸟类15种,在区系上以东洋界鸟类为主;冬候鸟、留鸟分别为16种、7种,在居留型上,主要以冬候鸟居多。该区鸟类平均密度为158.9只/hm2,多样性指数为2.426467,均匀性指数为0.773871。多年来由于自然因素以及人类不合理的开发利用活动,东洞庭湖湿地野生鸟类资源面临许多生态威胁;指出了东洞庭湖湿地野生鸟类资源面临的生态问题,并提出了相应的保护对策。

The bird resources in East Dongting wetland are very plentiful. According to the information of fieldwork and real time, 2 172 birds were determined, 23 species of 6 orders within 14 families were recorded. 7 species are oriental birds, one is palearctic bird and 15 species are wind-ranging birds, oriented bird was cardinal in fauna. There are 16 kinds of winter resident and 7 kinds of resident, winter resident was the majority in resident. The total average density of birds is 158.9/hm^2 in the area, diversity index of bird was 2.426467 and evenness index was 0.773871. There existing a lot of ecological problems and ecological threatens of feral bird resources of the wetland of East Dongting Lake, which are resulted from nature for a long time. Therefore, the developing of wetland in East Dongting Lake feral bird resources existing problems on the protection, and then the countermeasures of wetland feral bird resources protection.