氮素穗肥施用量对沿黄稻区稻米品质和食味的影响

Effects of N-fertilizer Application Amount at the Panicle Stage on Rice Quality and Food Taste along the Yellow River Valley

在大田条件下,以沿黄稻区主栽品种豫粳6号为供试材料,通过在水稻生育后期施用不同量的氮素化肥,研究了氮素穗肥对稻米品质和食味的影响。结果表明,随着氮素穗肥的增加,糙米率降低,不完善粒率、垩白粒率和垩白度显著增加,稻米碾磨品质和外观品质下降,且主要以下部弱势粒的稻米品质变劣为主。稻米的淀粉RVA谱特征参数中,淀粉最高黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度、崩解值随着穗肥施氮量的增加而降低,食味下降。

The field experiment was conducted in 2005 to research the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer application amount at late growing stage on the rice grain quality and food taste, using the rice cultivar of Yujing No. 6. The results showed that, with the increase of panicle N--fertili- zer application amount, brown rice percentage decreased gradually; imperfect grain percentage, chalky percentage and chalkiness increased significantly; and the rice milling quality and appearance quality decreased greatly. However the reduction of quality mainly came from the inferior grains. In the RVA characteristics, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity and breakdown were reduced significantly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, indicating the reduction of eating quality.