大黄蒽醌致泻作用及其机理的初步研究

The Inducing Diarrhea Effects and its Mechanisms of Anthraquinon from Rheum palmatum L.

目的比较大黄结合蒽醌、游离蒽醌致泻作用的强度并探讨其相关机制。方法通过灌服高浓度的奶粉溶液以营造高营养性环境,在此基础上考察了大黄结合蒽醌及游离蒽醌对小鼠的致泻作用;并运用析因设计分析了奶粉在这些致泻作用中的作用,同时还考察了大黄结合蒽醌及其游离蒽醌体外对胃蛋白酶活性的影响。结果大黄游离蒽醌500,1000mg/kg均可使小鼠胃内容物和小肠内容物显著增加;大黄结合蒽醌500,1000 mg/kg也可显著增加小鼠小肠内容的重量,但对小鼠胃内容重量的影响作用较弱;各药物组均可显著增加小鼠各肠段内的蛋白质浓度。析因设计的实验结果显示,无论是大黄游离蒽醌或是结合蒽醌均可显著增加正常小鼠(未加用奶粉)的胃、小肠及全胃肠道的内容物及蛋白质的含量,并可显著降低小鼠小肠、结肠Cl-浓度和升高小鼠结肠K+浓度;奶粉本身也具有与大黄蒽醌类似的作用,与之合用可增强大黄蒽醌的作用。体外实验结果显示,无论是大黄游离蒽醌或是结合型蒽醌对胃蛋白酶的活性均无明显影响。结论大黄游离蒽醌和结合蒽醌均具有显著的致泻作用;其机理可能是通过刺激胃肠道分泌、增加胃肠道内蛋白质浓度而产生容积性导泻。

Objective To compare the efficiency and mechanisms of diarrhea induced by anthraquinon and glycosides of anthraquinone from Rheum Palmatum L. in mice. Methods The lapactic effects of anthraquinon and glycosides of anthraquinone from Rheum Palmatum L. were studied in the mice which were given high concentration of powdered milk solution to induced supemutrition, and the effects of these drugs on the activity of pepsin were measured in vitro. The effect of milk on the lapactic action of anthraquinon and glycosides of anthraquinone were analyzed using the factorial design. Results The anthraquinone of Rheum palmatum L. 500,1 000 mg/kg significantly increased the remnant in the gastric and small intestine in mice, and the glycosides of anthraquinone from Rheum Palmatum L, 500, 1 000 mg/kg also significantly increased remnant in small intestine in mice. All these drugs could increase the concentration of protein in the gut in mice. The results of the factorical design showed that the anthraquinone or glycosides of anthraquinone of Rheum palmatum L. were able to remarkably increase the remnant and protein concentration in stomach, small intestine and all of gastrointestinal tract, reduce the concentration of Cl in small intestine and colon, increase the concentration of K ^＋ in colon in normal mice. Milk had the similar effect and could enhance the action of anthraquinone of Rheum palmatum L. In vitro, anthraquinone or glycosides of anthraquinone from Rheum palmatum L. had no action on the activity of pepsin. Conclusion These results indicated that antharquinone or glycosides of anthraquinone from Rheum palmarum L. can induce diarrhea in mice. These actions may due to that anthraquinone can increase the secretion of protein in gut.