不能犯的可罚危险判断

The Judgment of the Punishment Danger of the Impossibility

不能犯,是指行为不能对刑法所保护的法益造成现实侵害的状况。不能犯应否构成犯罪,是不能犯的根本问题。在这个问题上,可能存在的将不能犯全部作为不可罚的非罪的观点与将所有的不能犯均作为犯罪的观点处于对立的两极,而这样的两极在现实中并不存在:即使是最极端的观点,也不认为将迷信犯作为犯罪合理(成罪的场合),或者将所有的非实害犯均当作非罪的理论观点与立法例合理。依据社会一般人的认识进行事前判断,同时考虑行为人的特别认识作为危险的判断标准是合适的。划分一般的未遂犯与可罚的不能犯相区别的主张,对不能犯在处罚上轻于一般未遂犯是合理的。

The impossibility means the status that the action can＇ t cause real damage to the legal rights protected by the criminal law. The basic problem of the impossibility is whether the impossibility is a crime. On this point,the probable viewpoint that takes all the impossibility as non-crime who cannot be punished and the viewpoint that takes all the impossibility as a crime go to two opposing extremes. In fact,the extremes don＇ t really exist. Even the most extreme viewpoint won＇ t accept the theory and legislation that take the superstition criminal as a crime,or take the entire non real damage criminal as non-crime. It is an appropriate standard to estimate the danger by the pre-judgment of the average people and the consideration of the special knowledge of the doer at the same time. The proposition that measure off common unaccomplished offense and impossibility who can be punished is reasonable. It is also reasonable to the viewpoint that the punishment to the impossibility should be lighter than the common unaccomplished offense.