我国BOT特许协议若干法律问题研究

On the Legal Issues of the BOT Concession Agreement of Our Country

BOT具有项目参与主体多元性,法律关系的多样性,合同的组合性、主从性,特许期满时基础设施及其经营权的无偿移交性,项目债务的有限追索性,法律适用的复杂性等特征;其适用的法律框架体系由宪法、我国外商投资法律、行政法规、部门规章、地方性法规和地方政府规章、国际公约或协定等组成;BOT中私人企业与政府之间特许协议所涉及的特许经营者的一般条款、政府承诺和保障条款、定价条款、协议的变更和终止条款、项目风险的分担机制条款、争议解决机制条款等是其主要法律问题。BOT特许协议本质上属于可能具有涉外因素的国内私法契约,即具有强烈的民商事法律属性。

The BOT characters are：the diversity of the subjects, the variety of the legal relationships, the combination of the contracts, the free transformation of the infrastructure and operating rights at the end of the entitled period;the limitation of the recourse to the specific project liability, and the complication of the application of the law. The applicable legal framework of BOT consists of the constitutional law, foreign investment law, administrative regulations, departmental rules, local regulations, local government regulations, and international treaties. The main legal problems in the BOT are all in the concession agreement between the government and the private companies：the common clauses of the concession operator, the safeguard and acceptance clauses, the pricing terms, the novation and termination of the agreement clause, the terms on share of the risk of the project and the dispute settlement system clause. The nature of the BOT concession agreement is internal private contract that may contain foreign elements;it has strong civil and commercial legal nature.