恶性肿瘤患者念珠菌感染的主要临床特征分析

Main Clinical Characteristics Analysis of Candida Species Infection in Patients with Malignant Tumors

目的了解恶性肿瘤患者念珠菌感染临床的特点,分析念珠菌感染的危险因素,为念珠菌感染的预防和监控提供指导作用。方法采用查阅病历的方法,收集2004年1月～2005年12月在唐山市人民医院住院并发生念珠菌感染的恶性肿瘤患者的相关资料。结果785例恶性肿瘤患者念珠菌感染率为21.02%;念珠菌类型主要是白色念珠菌(77.78%),其次为光滑念珠菌(11.77%)。最易发生感染的部位是口腔及上呼吸道,占55.75%。性别对念珠菌感染没有影响,主要危险因素为年龄≥60岁、住院时间长、肿瘤分期晚、接受化疗及放疗、广谱抗生素和激素的大量使用、各种侵入性诊疗操作的应用等。结论念珠菌是临床重要的条件致病菌,免疫力低下是恶性肿瘤患者发生念珠菌感染的重要原因,必须重视念珠菌感染的预防和监控。

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and risk factors of Candida species infection in patients with malignant tumors for the guidance of the prevention and surveillance of Candida infection. Methods A retrospective clinical study was performed in Tangshan people＇s hospital for 24 months （January 2004 to December 2005）. In 785 patients with malignant tumor, clinical records of 153 patients with Candida infection were collected. Results Candida infection rate was 21. 1）2%. The major Candida species was Candida albicans（77. 78 %）, the second was Candida glabrata （11.77%）. The main locations of infection were mouth cavity and upper respiratory tract（55.75 %）. Sex had no influence on Candida infection. The main risk factors were age ≥61） years, long-term hospitalzation, cancer stage, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, comprehensive application of antibiotics and hormones, diverse aggressive techniques of diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion Candida species is a major opportunistic pathogen. Candida infection was the result of advances in medical treatment and increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients with cancer. The prevention and surveillance of Candida infection must be emphasized.