《史记》首著黄帝用意探析

A Probe into Purposes to Begin with Yellow Emperor in Historical Record

司马迁撰《史记》,既不从盘古开天地写起,又不尊圣人之意从尧、舜写起,而著黄帝为首,定有原因。据探析认为,其用意在几个方面：其一是本着“实录”原则,不唯经圣,以信史为据;其二是树黄帝为中华民族不朽之典型;其三是借古讽今,以讽刺批判汉武帝好神仙的愚昧;其四是赞扬汉初实行“无为而治”,以推崇道家。

That Si Maqian＇ s Historical Record begins with Yellow Emperor rather than Pan Gu who separates the earth from the heaven, nor the ancient sages Yao and Shun must has some purposes： first, it is based on authentic history instead of only classics according to the principle of factual record; second, Yellow Emperor is immortal Chinese classics; third, it uses the past to disparage the present to satire and criticize Hanwudi Emperor＇ s ignorance; fourth, it praises ＂governing by non-interference＂ in the early Han Dynasty and preaches Daoism.