中药绵萆薢的研究进展

Progress in studies of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae

目的对绵萆薢的化学成分、药理作用、临床应用、鉴别及质量控制方法做一综述。方法参考国内外30多篇文献,按照化合物的结构类型对其化学成分进行分类,对其药理作用、临床应用、鉴别及质量控制方法加以总结。结果绵萆薢含有多种化学成分,主要有甾体皂苷类、二芳基庚烷类及木脂素类等化合物;具有预防动脉粥样硬化、抗骨质疏松、抗肿瘤、抗心肌缺血等药理作用;在临床上用于治疗慢性前列腺炎、精液不液化症、骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、风湿及类风湿性关节炎;绵萆薢的鉴别方法目前多采用薄层色谱法,用HPLC法对其进行质量控制。结论在化学成分、药理作用、鉴别及质量控制方法等方面对绵萆的研究进行的较多,在其临床应用及作用机制方面的研究则还需进一步开展。

Objective To review the studies on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, clinical applications and methods of identification and quality control of the Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae. Methods Their constituents were reviewed respectively based on the chemical structural types and their pharmacological effects, clinical applications and methods of identification and their quality control were also dealed with. Results The Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae contain many kinds of chemical constituents, primaril.y including steroidal glycosides, steroidal sapogenins, diarylheptanoids, lignans and etc. They were proved to have antiatheroscleorotic, antiosteoporotic, anti-tumor and antimyocarcardial ischemia activities and were used to treat chronic prostatitis, nonliquefaction of semen, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatism and atrophic arthritis. There was a variety of methods to identify them. At present, the most common method used to identify them was thin-layer chromatography （TLC）, and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was also the first choice used to determine the contents of some kinds of their constituents. Conclusions Many researches have been done on their chemical constituents, pharmacological actions, discrimination and quality control. The clinical usage and pharmacological mechanism will be researched further.