臀中肌的解剖学观测及其临床意义

Anatomical Observation on Gluteus Medius and its Clinical Significance

目的:为临床臀部疼痛的定位及治疗提供解剖学依据。方法:以两侧髂后上棘连线为A线,从四个水平,即C水平(A线下1.5cm)、D水平(A线下3.5cm)、E水平(A线下5.5cm)、F水平(A线下7.0cm),并以通过左右髂嵴最高点的垂线B线为外侧界,对12具成人防腐尸体的臀大肌、臀中肌、梨状肌的解剖位置进行观测。结果:在四个水平上均可见臀大肌与臀中肌,梨状肌多数见于E和F两个水平上。结论:临床上臀部疼痛大多可能是臀中肌肌筋膜痛,而并非梨状肌。

Objective：To provide the anatomical evidence for the localization and treatment of buttocks pain. Methods： The buttocks was divided into four levels as Line A,C,D, E and F. Line A is the line between the two posterior superior iliac spines. The four lines were drawn as follows： C（1.5cm below A）, D（3.5cm below A）, E（5.5cm below A）, F（7.0cm below A）. Line B is perpendicular to the top of the left or right iliac crest, which are the outer limits. The anatomical position of the gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, the piriformis were observed on twelve adult antiseptic corpses. Results： The gluteus maximus and the gluteus medius were found in four levels, while the piriformis only appeared in both level E and F. Conclusion： Most of the pain in buttocks should be considered as the pain of muscular fasciae of the gluteus medius, not the piriformis.