调节阀式粘滞阻尼器原理与性能试验

Theoretical research and performance experiment of viscous damper with pressure adjustment valve

为了改进线性粘滞阻尼器的消能减振性能,研制了一款调节阀式粘滞阻尼器.该型阻尼器由缸筒、导杆、活塞、阻尼孔、阻尼介质以及压差调节阀组成.阻尼器在工作时,阻尼介质在活塞两端压差的作用下往复流经阻尼孔,消耗外界输入的能量;调节阀通过调整阀口开启压强的大小来控制活塞两端的压差,进而控制阻尼器的最大输出阻尼力.根据该型阻尼器的构造及工作原理,建立了阻尼器的力学模型,并对其进行了力学性能试验.试验结果表明,该阻尼器在不同强度的激励下,均能有效地耗散输入能量,并能稳定地控制其最大输出力,且力学模型能够比较准确地反映阻尼器的实际受力情况.

A new kind of fluid viscous damper with pressure adjustment valve is developed since the capability of linear viscous damper is deficient. This damper consists of cylinder, piston rod, piston head, orifice, silicon fluid and pressure adjustment valve. The silicon fluid flows throw the orifice because of the pressure difference, thus the energy imported by environment is consumed. The pressure difference is controlled by valve throw adjusting pressure at the forepart, and the maximal output damper force is also limited. Based on the conformation and working principle of this damper, the model of damping force corresponding to the viscous damper is constructed. A series of tests have been carded out to evaluate the mechanics property of this damper. The experimental results indicate that the damper is able to dissipate energy effectively, and has the ability of controlling the maximal damper force steadily. The results are verified by simulation analysis. Based on the study, it is found that the model of damping force can accurately predict the nonlinear behavior of this damper.