论李维的历史编纂观

On Livy's Historiographic View

李维以其巨著《建城以来史》奠定了他在古罗马史学中的卓越地位。他秉承西塞罗的史观,在记述罗马自建城以来历史的过程中,既强调历史内容的真实可信,又措意于叙事形式的优美动人,历史的真实性与叙事的艺术性成为他历史编纂观的一体两面。李维以精妙的修辞手法具体再现罗马历史时,虽以史料为依据,但有时却为增强戏剧化效果不免夸大其词,偏离了他所追求的真实性。

Ab Urbe Condita laid the foundation of Livy＇s predominant status in Roman historiography. Livy insisted on Cicero＇ historical theory. On writing the history from the foundation of Rome, Livy not only emphasized the authenticity of historical content but the artistry of narrative form, so the historical authenticity and the narrative artistry were two connected facets of his historiographical ideology. When he reproduced the Roman history with elaborate rhetorical skills, Livy based on historical sources, but in order to intensify the dramatic effects, sometimes he made overstatements and deviated from the historical authenticity he pursued.