散粒体动力学初探

AN APPROACH TO THE DYNAMICS OF GRANULAR MATERIALS

首先介绍了在模型土槽中进行的车轮与沙快速相互作用的试验结果，其主要目的是通过试验获取怎样建立适用于低应力状态下无粘性散粒体动力学方程的信息。在该项试验的基础上，分析评价了用于描述散粒体与机械结构相互作用的传统理论方法，如有限元法、极限平衡理论及塑性理论等的局限性。结果表明，这些传统理论方法难以描述机械结构－散粒体快速相互作用的动态特性，因而必须发展新散粒体动力学理论。

Experimental results obtained during rapid interaction between sand and wheel in a model soil bin test are described. The main purpose of the test was to obtain information that could be used to guide the theoretical development of dynamics equations suitable for the rapid flow of cohesionless granular materials at low stress levels. On the basis of these results, limitations are analyzed for traditional theories used to describe the properties of soils, such as the finite element method, limit equilibrium theory or theories of plasticity, etc. It may be seen that the traditional theories can hardly be used for describing the flow characteristics of granular materials during rapid flow, and new dynamics of granular materials must be developed. Then, the dynamics of granular materials suited for the rapid flow of cohesionless granular materials is proposed. And the methods for developing the dynamics equations are described.