中小学生家长预防儿童意外伤害健康教育效果评价

Effectiveness evaluation of preventing children unintentional injury health education among the parents of primary and middle school students

目的探索有效预防儿童意外伤害的干预措施。方法在通州区选择两所小学、两所中学的1157名学生及家长为研究对象,其中1所小学、1所中学的588名学生及家长为干预组,另两所中小学校的569名学生及家长为对照组。对干预组的学生及其家长进行交通安全知识、自救急救、生活常识等3个方面健康教育,对照组不采取任何干预措施。干预期1年,并在干预前、后分别进行问卷调查,最后对干预效果进行评价。结果干预后干预组学生家长的意外伤害相关知识知晓率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),在将锐利物品、药品、热水等合理放置的行为改变上显著好于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对中小学生及其家长进行预防意外伤害的健康教育,能指导学生和家长形成健康相关行为,能有效预防儿童意外伤害的发生。

Objective To explore intervention measures of effectively preventing unintentional injury of children. Methods 1157 students and their parents in 2 middle schools and 2 primary schools were picked out as subjects and divided into two groups. 588 students and their parents in one middle school and one primary school were chosen as experimental group, others control group. Health education including safety knowledge, first aid and living common sense was used for one year in experimental group. Nothing was done in control group. Results After the interventions, the parents of experimental group had increased significantly with the control group in knowledge related with unintentional injury and health behaviors putting hot water, medications and sharp things fitting place （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Health education to students and their parents and guiding them to have health behaviors play an important role in preventing occurrence of unintentional child injury.