种子大小和播种深度对种苗建植的影响

Effect of seed mass and sowing depth on seedling establishment

一般在种内或种间比较,大种子相对于小种子具有以下优势:大种子具有相对较高的萌发率和出苗率;在种苗生长过程中具有相对较强的竞争力;种苗较大,具有较强的存活能力;在整个植物生长阶段中都表现出优势来。大种子存在这些优势的主要原因有:种子本身存储了较多的能量物质,种子的形态特征能够克服萌发、生长环境中的一些不良因素等。同时也有观测显示大种子存在某些方面的劣势。对于任何一种植物种子来说,播种深度对于种子的萌发、出苗和种苗的生长都有着重要的影响。大量研究表明,种子萌发具有最适的播种深度,超过这一深度或不足这样的深度都会给种子的萌发、出苗和种苗的生长带来不利影响。

In general, large seeds of intra-specific and inter-specific have some advantages than small seeds during the whole growing process, such as high germination rate and emergence rate, strong competition ability during growing process, larger seedling and high survival rate. Large seeds have these advantages because they store more nutrient resource and the shape of them can stand against some adverse environmental factors. At the same time, there are some disadvantages of the large seeds being observed. Sowing depth is an important factor that can influence the germination and emergence of each plant species. Lots of researches showed that there was an optimum sowing depth of each plant species, when above or below this depth, it would take disadvantage to seedling establishment.