大学生个性特征及应对压力与自杀意念的相关分析

Relationship between individual character, handling pressure and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students

目的了解大学生心理特征、遭遇压力、应对方式与自杀意念的关系。方法采用统一的调查表,以目的抽样的方法调查广州市某高校的大学生974名,通过单因素logistic回归和多因素的logistic回归模型筛选出自杀意念的影响因素。结果在974名大学生中,14.6%的男生、17.5%的女生有过自杀意念,二者之间无统计学差异。侨生中自杀意念的发生率(18.8%)高于中国内地生源(11.2%)。多因素的logistic回归模型分析揭示,“觉得自己总是不比别人好而自卑”(OR=4.072)、“遇到问题,不找人倾诉”(OR=2.263)、“较长时间陷入生活、学习、感情或经济压力”(OR=1.597)是自杀意念产生的危险因素;而通过体育运动放松心情(OR=0.519)是保护因素。结论引导和教育大学生树立正确的挫折观和人生态度,提高心理承受能力,防止自杀意念的产生。

Objective To study the relationship between psychological character, encountered pressure, handling mode and suicidal ideation of undergraduates. Methods With convenient sampling, 974 undergraduates were investigated with uniform questionnaire at some universities in Guangzhou City, One-way logistic regression and multi-factor logistic regression were adopted to identify risk factors for suicidal ideation. Results Among 974 undergraduates, 14.6 % of male and 17.5 % of female were reported to have suicidal ideation, without difference in statistics. The rate of suicidal ideation in overseas Chinese students （18.8%） was higher than that from inland （11.2%）. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the major risk factors for suicidal ideation were inferiority complex （OR = 4,072）, no communication with others when facing problems （ OR = 2. 263）, and having pressures from learning and living （ OR = 1. 597 ）, while the protective factors for suicidal ideation were physical training to relax （OR = 0. 519）. Conclusions A correct attitude toward life and frustrations should be established for undergraduates to improve their mentality and prevent suicidal ideation.