废橡胶颗粒浸提液物质释放及其浸种对草坪植物生长的影响

Substance release of waste rubber granules in extraction solution and effects of seed soaking with the extract on turfgrass growth

纯胶粒浸提液、胶粒与壤土混合的浸提液中重金属含量分析表明,纯胶粒浸提液中Zn含量最高,其次为Pb,而Cd与Cu最少;与纯胶粒浸提液相比,胶粒与壤土混合的浸提液中Zn含量显著降低。紫外吸收光谱图显示,胶粒粒径越小,浸提液中有机物越复杂。用4种不同粒径胶粒的浸提液对2种草坪植物种子浸种处理后进行培养,研究了草坪植物的生长效应。结果表明,胶粒浸提液浸种对2种草坪植物的种子萌发率影响不大,但对株高产生不同的影响。对黑麦草而言,以2～4mm胶粒浸提液浸种的株高为最高,1～2和4～6mm胶粒浸提液浸种株高与之差异较大,分别降低1·52和1·32cm,但均与对照无显著差异。对于高羊茅,以粒径1～2mm胶粒浸提液浸种的株高为最低,比对照降低了18·76%,其它处理间无明显差异。浸提液浸种对黑麦草地下生物量有明显的抑制作用,但对根长生长有促进作用。胶粒浸提液浸种对2种草坪植物的地上生物量无明显影响。从胶粒浸提液的物质释放及其浸种对草坪植物生长的影响来看,废胶粒可用于运动场草坪的基质组配。

By the method of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer （ICPAES）, this paper determined the Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb concentrations in extraction solutions of waste rubber granules and their mixture with soil. The results showed that the Zn concentration in rubber granules extract was the highest, followed by Pb, and Cd and Cu. Compared with that of rubber granules, the extract of the mixture had an obviously decreased Zn concentration. Ultraviolet absorption spectrum suggested that the smaller the rubber granular size, the more complicated the organic substances in the extracts. The seed soaking experiment with two turfgrass species seeds and four granular size rubber extracts showed that the extracts had little effects on seed germination, but definite effects on plant height growth. For Lolium pererme, the plant height was the highest （8.99 cm） after seed soaking with 2-4 mm granules extract, followed by that after treated with 1-2 mm and 4-6 mm granules extracts, being 1.52 cm and 1.32 cm shorter, respectively, but had no significant difference with the control. For Festuca arundinacea, the plant height was the lowest （7. 06 cm） after seed soaking with 1-2 mm granules extract, which was decreased by 18.76% as compared with the control, but no significant difference was observed among other treatments. Seed soaking decreased the underground biomass but promoted the root length growth of L. perenne, while little effects were detected on the underground biomass and root length growth of F. arundinacea as well as the aboveground biomass of the two turfgrass species. It was concluded that waste rubber granules could be safely applied as a medium amendment for sports tuff.