清初经世致用的思想与实学的学风

Thought of Pragmatism and Practical Learning during Early Qing Dynasty

清初社会的激烈动荡,导致思想文化领域出现了显著变化,以顾炎武、黄宗羲、王夫之、朱之瑜、傅山、李颙、颜元等人为代表的一代杰出思想家,清醒地认识到专制主义统治所造成的社会危机,以及封建理学对于思想界的扼杀,他们将学术探讨与经世致用结合起来,把批判的锋芒直指封建专制制度和唯心主义理学。他们的思想涉及到现实生活中的经济、政治、国家、民族、法制、教育、风俗、人情等各个方面,启迪人们去思考和探索改革时弊的途径,并且形成了与前代迥异的新思想、新学风。

The intense turbulence of the society during the early Qing Dynasty caused the remarkable change in the domain of ideological culture.The representative thinkers such as GuYanwu,Huang Zongxi,Wang Fuzhi,Zhu Zhiyu,Fu Shan,Li Yu,and Yan Yuan soberly realized the social crisis created by the autocracy rule,as well as the feudal Confucionism＇s strangling of ideology.They combined the academic discussion with pragmatism and straight criticized the feudal despotic system and the idealistic Confucianism.Their thoug involved all aspects of the real life such as economy, politics,country ,nationality,legal system,education,custom ,human feelings ,and so on .Their thoughts enlightened people to ponder and explore how to reform the ills of the times,and formed the new thoughts and the new school far different from the former generation.