西部干旱区省会城市生态经济位比较研究

Comparison of urban eco-economy niche of capital cities in arid regions of western China

从生态经济位理论出发,提出了城市生态经济位概念及度量方法,并根据生态经济位计算模型,从社会、经济和环境因子三个层面归结了30个指标,建立了定量评价指标体系,依此测算了2002年、2003年西部干旱区6个省会城市的生态经济位,得出2002年和2003年在西部干旱区省会城市中,乌鲁木齐的生态经济位最大,西宁的生态经济位最小的结论。文章最后分析、解释了西部干旱区6省会城市生态经济位动态变化及其原因。

The arid regions occupy a vast area in north-western China including the Alxa Plateau in the western part of Inner Mongolia, the northern part of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, most of Qinhai and Gansu provinces and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Assessing urban ecological economic system can provide the basis for urban decision-making towards sustainable development. This paper takes capital cities in arid regions of western China as cases and assessed the state of urban ecological economic systems. Based on the principle of the ecological economy unit, the paper proposed a methodology for assessing urban ecological economy system. It includes a computation model for urban ecologic-economic niches, criteria of selecting indicators for eco-economy system assessment and 30 detailed indicators. The basic and most important criterion is to describe the urban ecologic-economic system as originally as possible with a few indicators. Under the guidance of the criteria, this paper categorized the indicators into three groups of ecological, economic and environmental, and then chosed 30 detailed indicators including 11 ecological, 11 economic and 8 environmental indicators. After treating the baseline data with dimension reduction method, the paper calculated the urban ecologic-economic niche of the capital cities in arid regions of western China in 2002 and 2003. The results show that in 2002 and 2003 in arid region of western China, the urban ecologiceconomic niche of Urumqi won the first place and Xining fell behind other cities in both 2002 and 2003. The fact Urumgi kept ahead can be related to the lower population density, good infrastructure and cozy living conditions compared to other studied cities; while Xining fell behind other cities has a close relationship with highest population density, low-level education and unfavorable environment settings.