贫困生主观幸福感及影响因素分析

Subjective Well-being and the Influence Factors of Poverty Undergraduates

目的:探讨贫困生主观幸福感的基本状况及影响主观幸福感的因素。方法:运用《国际大学调查》(ICS)问卷,对广西某高师院校417名贫困生和323名非贫困生进行测查。结果:(1)贫困生的主观幸福感(5.17±0.89/5.30±0.91,t=-2.071,P<0.05)、生活满意度(3.68±1.37/4.14±1.40,t=-4.486,P<0.001)显著低于非贫困生;(2)贫困生对谦卑(6.24±1.82/5.87±2.18,t=2.535,P<0.05)、生活的意义(7.51±1.71/7.17±2.19,t=2.420,P<0.01)、健康(7.87±1.66/7.46±2.27,t=2.871,P<0.01)、义务(7.71±1.66/7.26±2.13,t=3.244,P<0.01)、信仰(6.30±2.21/5.58±2.49,t=4.206,P<0.001)的重视程度显著高于非贫困生;(3)价值取向、生活满意度判断标准影响贫困生的情感体验;(4)社会心理取向影响个体的情感体验和总体主观幸福感;(5)外向性对贫困生情感体验的影响具有双重性。结论:贫困生主观幸福显著低于非贫困生,社会心理取向、生活满意度判断标准、外向性、价值取向影响主观幸福感。

To explore the basic condition and the factors affecting the subjective well--being（SWB） of poverty undergraduates. Method： the International College Survey Questionnaire were used in 417 poverty undergraduates and 323 non--poverty undergraduates in Guangxi Normal University. Results： （1） Scores of SWB were lower among poverty undergraduates than others（5. 17± 0.89/5. 30±0.91, t=- 2. 071, P〈0.05）, Scores of life satisfaction were lower among poverty undergraduates than others （3. 68±1.37/4. 14±1.40,t= -4. 486,P〈0. 001） ; （2） Scores of modesty（6. 24±1.82/5. 87±2.18,t=2. 535,P〈0.05） ,life meaning（7. 51±1.71/7. 17±2.19,t=2. 420,P〈0.01） ,health（7. 87±1.66/7. 46±2.27,t=2. 871 ,P〈0.01） ,obligations（7. 71±1.66/7. 26±2.13,t=3. 244,P〈0.01） ,faith （6. 30±2.21/5. 58±2.49,t=4. 206,P〈0. 001）were higher among poverty undergraduates than others; （3）Value orientation ,Judgement criteria of life satisfaction affected emotional experience of poverty undergraduates; （4） Social psychological orientation affected emotional experience and subjective well-being（SWB） ; （5） Extraversion had the double effection on the emotional experience of poverty undergraduates. Conclusion： Scores of SWB were lower among poverty undergraduates than others, Social psychological orientation, Judgement criteria of life satisfaction, Extraversion,Value orientation affected subjective well-being（SWB）.