《史记》编纂体例之数的意义

On the Meanings of the Numbers in the Form and Arrangement of The Historical Records

人是历史的存在,所以人对世界的任何理解,都要受其“前理解”的制约。司马迁生活的时代,是一个宇宙论盛行的时代。这个时代凡稍有成就的思想家,都对人所生存的这个世界有一形而上学的设想,而这些对世界形而上学的设想,又大都是建立在“天”(大宇宙)、“人”(小宇宙)合一,并统一于“数”的宇宙论的思想框架的基础上。受社会一般知识和思想世界的制约,司马迁提出的“究天人之际”,也不可避免地存在当时所流行的神秘数字的绰约身影,其中一个具体的表现,就是《史记》体例各部的数。

In Heidegger＇s words, everyone is confined to ＂fore- understanding＂ when he tries to understand the world. In Sima Qian＇s period with the theories of the cosmos flourishing, most of these theories are based on the theoretical structure of the universe that Tian （the Universe） and Ren （Human - being） are united on the base of the world view of Shu （mystical numbers）. That Sima Qian advocated his purpose of ＂Exploring the relationship between the Universe and Human - being＂ is unavoidably influenced by the popular thought of mystical numbers at that time, one of which typical representation is the numbers in the form and arrangement of The Historical Records.