纯化乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗的免疫效果和不良反应观察

Observation on Immune Efficacy and Adverse Reaction of Japanese Encephalitis Live Vaccine (SA14-14-2)

目的观察纯化乙型脑炎(乙脑)减毒活疫苗的免疫效果和不良反应。方法筛选405名8～20月龄无乙脑疫苗免疫史和419名18～36月龄并仅接种一次纯化乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗的二组健康婴幼儿为观察对象,接种纯化乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗后观察其接种不良反应,并在两组观察对象中抽取193名用细胞蚀斑减少中和试验检测免疫前和免疫后1个月血清乙脑中和抗体。结果纯化乙脑疫苗不良反应总发生率为5.22%;免疫成功率为78.9%;基础免疫后抗体阳性率为82.47%,GMT达1:23.1,1年后抗体阳性率为60.91%,GMT为1:10.9,加强免疫后1月抗体阳性率高达93.24%,GMT为1:28.6,基础、加强免疫前后抗体滴度分布、阳性率差异均有统计学意义。结论纯化乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗是一种安全、有效的乙脑疫苗,值得在控制乙脑工作中大力推广使用。

Objective To study the immune efficacy and adverse reactions of Japanese encephalitis （JE） live vaccine （SA14 - 14 - 2）. Methods Four hundred and five 8-20 months aged infants who had no JE vaccination history before and 419 18-36 months aged children who had been vaccinated against JE once in their primary immunization were enrolled in this study. Adverse reactions after vaccination （SA14- 14- 2） were observed. Altogether 193 subjects were selected from the two groups and their serum neutralizing antibodies were assessed by PRNT assay before and 1 month after vaccination, lte- selts The total rate of adverse reaction was .5.22%. Neutralizing antibody seroconversion after primary vaccination was 82, 47 %, GMT was 1： 23, 1. Antibody seroconversion after 1 year was 60.91%, and GMT was 1：10.9, it reached 93.24 % after booster vaccination, and GMT was 1：28,6, The differences of antibody titer distribution and positive rate before and after primary or booster immunization were statistically significant, Conclusions The results suggest that JE live vaccine is safe and effective for children living in JE endemic areas to prevent against JE.