湖南省“十五”期间职业病报告及监测分析

Analysis of Occupational Disease Report and Monitoring During the Tenth Five-year Plan Period in Hunan Province

目的了解“十五”期间湖南省职业病发病状况,为“十一五”期间控制和减少湖南省职业危害提供科学决策的信息支持。方法运用回顾性调查方法,将上报的各类信息进行综合分析,计算出监测率、合格率、体检率、检出率、患病率。结果“十五”期间,湖南省共发生职业病新病例7227例,其中尘肺占总数89.79%,慢性职业中毒占4.20%,急性职业中毒占2.08%,物理因素等其他职业病占3.92%;至2005统计年止,尘肺累计病例52445例,现患尘肺40818例,尘肺现患率8.11%。劳动卫生监测率呈下降、合格率呈上升趋势,职业性体检率呈上升趋势,检出率略微下降。结论湖南省职业危害仍不容忽视,防治的重点是煤炭、有色金属、冶金、化工、建材、乡镇等行业。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of occupational diseases in Hunan Province during the Tenth Fiveyear Plan period and to provide scientific decision basis for improving monitor and control of occupational hazards in the Eleventh Five- year Plan period. Methods Using the retrospective study, the reported data were analyzed and the monitoring rate, percentage of up to standard, physical examination rate, detected rate and prevalence were evaluated. Results There were 7,227 new occupational diseases cases, 89.79% were pneumoconiosis, 4.20% were chronic occupational poi- soning, 2.08% with acute occupational poisoning, and 3.92% of occupational diseases due to physical factors during the Tenth Five- year Plan period. Up to 2005 year there were accumulated 52,445 cases of pneumoconiosis in total, 40,818 cases of pneumoconiosis were still alive, pneumoconiosis prevalence was 8.11%. The monitoring rate up to standard percentage decreased, but physical examination rate increased, and the detectable rate slightly decreased. Conclusion We should not overlook the occupational diseases in Hunan, the prevention and cure still put the stress on coal, metallurgical, non - ferrous, metallurgical, chemistry, construction material, and industries run by township.