遥感技术在环境科学领域的应用及其发展趋势

Application of the Remote Sensing Technology in Environmental Science Field and Its Developing Tendency

遥感是指空对地的遥感,即从远离地面的不同工作平台上(如高塔、气球、飞机、火箭、人造地球卫星、宇宙飞船、航天飞机等)通过传感器,对地球表面的电磁波(辐射)信息进行探测,并经信息的传输、处理和判读分析,对地球的资源与环境进行探测和监测的综合性技术。介绍了遥感技术在环境科学领域方面的应用现状,详细叙述了遥感技术在水污染的监测,城市环境影响评价,水土保持中的应用情况,并预测了未来几年遥感技术的发展趋势。目前遥感技术在环境科学的众多领域都有了广泛的应用,也取得了较大的成果。

The remote sensing refers to air to ground one, namely from different working platform far away the ground （for example Gao Ta, balloon, airplane, rocket, the artificial earth satellite, spaceship, aerospace craft and so on）, through the sensor, exploring the information （radiation） to the earth＇s surface electromagnetic wave, and after the information transmission, processes, estimation and analysis, it can be regarded as a kind of comprehensive technology of surveying and monitoring Earth＇s resources and its environment. The article introduces the applied present situation of the remote sensing technology in the environmental science field, narrates these situation of water pollution monitoring, evaluation on environmental influence in the city and conservation of water and soil in detail, and forecasts the developing tendency of the remote sensing technology in the near future years. At present the remote sensing technology is applied in a large scale in the environmental science domain, also has achieved a better result.