与碱性火成岩相关的典型轻稀土矿床研究

TYPICAL LIGHT REE DEPOSITS RELATED WITH ALKALINE IGNEOUS ROCKS

轻稀土矿床和火成碱性岩系密切相关,典型轻稀土矿床以白云鄂博、四川冕宁以及北美西海岸科迪勒拉(Cord illera)矿带的芒廷帕斯、加里诺斯稀土矿(Gallinas Mountains)等为代表,这些矿床表现出一定的相似性,但是也有本质的区别。文章着重对以上矿床在产出环境、含矿岩性、成矿流体和物质来源、地球化学等方面做了对比,分析了它们之间的共性和特殊性,并对目前研究所存在的问题加以总结,这将有助于对轻稀土矿床成矿机制的理解,并对轻稀土找矿工作有一定指导意义。

Recent research on light REE deposits indicates that they are closely related with alkaline igneous rocks. The typical light REE deposits are mainly represented by Bayan Obo, Mianning at Sichuan in China, Mountain Pass in U.S. and Gallinas Mountains in the Cordillera belt located along the western coast of North America. Although the deposits display some similarities, a great sum of differences does exist in some aspects. This paper focuses on the comparison of geologic structure, host rocks, origin of ore - forming fluids and materials, as well as geochemical features of these typical deposits, sorting out the latest research development and current problems. Deep understanding to their similarities and differences is conducive to exploration of such kind of light REE deposits.