中国土地利用总体规划实施中主要问题及成因分析

Analysis of Problems and Causes in the Implementation of Comprehensive Land Use Planning in China

研究目的:探讨中国土地利用总体规划实施过程中存在的三大主要问题及其成因。研究方法:采用利益分析和制度分析的方法剖析问题成因。研究结果:现行的土地收益分配制度使地方政府和开发商成为建设用地开发的主要推动力量,而耕地保护成本与收益承担主体的不一致是耕地保护规划难于落实的根本原因;违法违规土地开发难于制止是因为合法用地的成本大于非法用地;而开发区土地利用效率低下则是因为低地价造成了土地与资本的替代。研究结论:要解决这些问题必须通过制度建设调整利益关系。

The purpose of this study is to find the problems and causes in implementing land use planning in China. Methods of economic theory and institutional economics were employed. The results indicate that the existing land income distribution system makes the local governments and developers to become the main pushing forces of land development. The difficulty in implementing arable land protection lies in the mismatch of beneficiary and the cost undertaker. The illegal land development is difficult to be eliminated due to its lower cost than that of legal development. The inefficient land use in development zones is related to low land price. The adjustment of interest relationship is essential to solve these problems in the land use planning.