喀斯特山区旱耕地土壤环境质量评价——以贵阳市乌当区为例

Assessment on Soil Environmental Quality of Cultivated Upland in Kast Mountain Area——A Case Study of Wudang District of Guiyang City

依据土壤环境质量各评价指标的渐变性和模糊性,采用模糊数学方法确定土壤重金属内梅罗综合污染指数隶属度函数并对土壤肥力指标、土壤立地条件各评价因子进行处理,运用主成分分析法确定各评价因子的权重,采用层次分析法从土壤肥力状况、重金属污染程度和立地条件等3组评价指标上对喀斯特山区(以贵阳市乌当区为例)石灰岩母质发育的旱耕地土壤环境质量进行了较为全面、科学的评价。结果表明,金华镇旱耕地的土壤肥力质量最高,下坝乡的最低;下坝乡旱耕地的土壤重金属污染环境质量最好,朱昌镇的最差;东风镇旱耕地的土壤立地条件质量最高,水田镇的最低;研究区域内石灰岩母质发育的旱耕地土壤环境质量综合评价排序为东风镇旱耕地>金华镇旱耕地>朱昌镇旱耕地>下坝乡旱耕地>水田镇旱耕地。

According to the gradation feature and fuzzy feature in the each factor of soil environment quality, fuzzy mathematics was used in determining the membership function of the calculated Nemerow integrated pollution indices of the soil and in handling the each factor of both the soil fertility and the soil stand condition. The Principal component analysis method was applied in establishing the weight of each factor. The soil environment quality of cultivated upland developed from limestone in Kasta mountain area - a case study of Wudang district of Guiyang city was assessed with analytic Hierarchy Process by using the soil fertility status, the degree of the heavy metal＇ s pollution and the stand condition. The results indicated that the soil fertility quality of cultivated upland in Jinhua township was the best, and the Xiaba township was the worst in those soils. That the cultivated upland in Xiaba township showed the best heavy metals quality, and the Zhuchang township was the worst. That the cultivated upland in Dongfeng township has the best stand condition quality, and the Shuitian township was the worst. The results also showed that the order of the soil environment quality of cultivated upland developed from limestone was： Dongfeng〉Jinhua〉Zhuchang〉Xiaba〉Shuitian.