芽孢杆菌制剂对虾池环境微生物群落的影响

Influence of Bacillus on the Microbial Communities in Shrimp Ponds

应用BIOLOG方法和传统的平板培养方法,分析比较施用芽孢杆菌制剂的虾池和没有施用任何有益菌的虾池在养殖后期不同空间的微生物群落结构和代谢功能的差异。结果表明,施用了芽孢杆菌的虾池,芽孢杆菌在虾池表泥和底泥形成可培养细菌的优势菌属,表泥和底泥总异养细菌数量增加而水体总异养细菌数量降低,水体Shannon指数、Simpson指数和McIntosh指数以及底泥McIntosh指数显著升高,虾池水体、表泥和底泥微生物群落代谢功能均有不同程度地升高。这说明,芽孢杆菌可通过改善环境微生物群落的生物量和结构,来改善整个虾池的水质环境。

Using the BIOLOG-carbon utilization method and traditional plate cultivation method, the effectiveness of a Bacillus commercial probiotics on the microbial community composition and function in different layers of shrimp ponds was investigated at the telophase of cultivation period. The value of adding Bacillus probiotics to improve the microbial community composition and function was shown by comparing with the farm that did not use any probiotics. In the farm using the probiotics, genera Bacillus became the dominant cultured bacteria in substrate and sediment, the total heterotrophic bacteria counts in substrate and sediment increased, whereas those in water reduced. The Shannon index, Simpson index and Mclntosh index in water and Mclntosh index in sediment increased significantly, the function of carbon utilization in water, substrate and sediment all increased. The results indicate that Bacillus probiotics can change the biomass and composition of microbial community and then improve water quality of shrimp farms.