反渗透技术在重金属废水处理与回用中的应用

Application of reverse osmosis technology to the treatment and recycling of heavy metal wastewater

许多工业生产过程中产生并排放大量的含重金属废水,这不仅严重污染环境,还造成资源浪费。采用反渗透技术处理重金属废水,设备紧凑,操作简单,特别是能够实现重金属的回收,符合清洁生产的原则,应用前景广阔。介绍了反渗透技术的原理、反渗透技术在重金属废水处理及回用中应用需注意的问题以及近年来的最新研究成果和应用实例,并展望了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

Large heavy metal wastewater has been produced and discharged from many industrial processes. It is not only a serious environmental pollution, but also a waste of resources. Reverse osmosis technology that treats heavy metal wastewater has compact equipments and simple operation and can reclaim heavy metals, so that it has wide applied prospect in the recycling of heavy metal wastewater and accords with the principle of clean production. The principles of reverse osmosis technology are introduced. The latest research findings and examples of the application of reverse osmosis technology to the heavy metal wastewater treatment are discussed, and the influential factors of the application are analysed. The direction of further research and development trends are proposed at the end.