小世界现象形成机制与马太效应

Formation Mechanism of the Small World Phenomenon and Its Relation with Matthew Effect

“小世界现象”和“马太效应”这两个概念原本分别来自社会学和科学史和社会网络两个研究领域，后来随着各学科的发展以及各学科之间方法的借鉴和移植，它们都被情报学吸收并成为两个具有特定意义的词条。研究这两个概念的含义及两者之间的关系，对情报学理论研究具有一定的意义。本文主要讨论了小世界现象和马太效应这两个概念的形成和特点，分析了小世界现象的形成机制及其在情报学中的应用，并通过小世界网络与随机网络的比较，说明马太效应在小世界现象的形成过程当中起到了重要作用。

With the development of relating disciplines and methods transplantation between different fields, the two concepts of Small World Phenomenon and Matthew Effect, which originated respectively from the field of social science and history and the field of social network, are absorbed by information science and become two serf-standing phrases. Thus it is important to study the two concepts and their relations. This paper discusses the formulation and characteristics of the two concepts, analyses the underlying mechanism and its implications in information science. By comparing the small world network （SWN） and random network, it implies that Matthew Effect has played an role in the evolvement process of Small World Phenomenon.