四川平武白马生态脆弱地区经济模式变迁评析

A COMMENT ON ECONOMIC MODEL CHANGE of ECOLOGICALLY FRAGILE AREA IN SICHUAN PINGWU BAIMA REGION

历史上白马地区的经济发展经历了从原始的农牧业到消耗型的伐木经济,再到今天的民俗生态旅游和生态农牧经济的变迁。半个多世纪白马人的经济发展告诉我们,凡是以高度消耗自然资源为代价的经济活动都难以持续。白马地区的经济变迁还显示,生态脆弱地区理想的经济结构应当是适应环境特点的多元复合结构,而不能是一条腿走路的单一结构;同时,生态脆弱地区发展生态经济还应当根据当地的自然地理条件,充分发挥当地人民的创造性,走内源发展之路,避免盲目移植外来的经济模式。

Baima People is a race with long history, live at the sides of Motian Mountain for a long time. In this region, mountain is high and ascent is abrupt, the weather is cold, the land is barren, the natural disaster happened frequently. It is an ecologically fragile area which located in the boundary of tow tectonic plates and boundary of agriculture area and herding area. This region is enslaved to seriously poor of ecological type for a long term. The economic development of the Baima region experienced from the original agriculture and herding industry to the lumbering with great consuming of natural resource, then to the folk ecotourism and the ecological agriculture and herding industry. Actually, the inside track of this process is a process to look for harmony between the economy development and ecosystem to keep on continuously. Any economic type that with high consuming of natural resources is hard to be kept on. For the ecological sensitive region, the initial topic of the economic development is how to insure ecosystem sustaining; The economic change of the Baima region also shows that the ideal economic structure in ecologically fragile area should be the diverse compound structure that adapts the environment characteristics, but can＇t be single structure that stand by one leg ;In the meantime, the economic development in ecologically fragile area should also according to the natural geography condition of the region, develop the creative ability of local people,avoiding transplant foreign economic mode blindly.