嵌合体大鼠诱导异种皮肤移植免疫耐受的初步研究

Preliminary study on immunologic tolerance for hetero-skin graft induced by chimeric donors

目的探讨嵌合体大鼠诱导异种皮肤移植免疫耐受的可行性。方法采集兔骨髓干细胞,经行宫内胎鼠移植以及对新生子鼠行肝内注射,制作兔骨髓干细胞嵌合体大鼠模型。6周后将15只嵌合体大鼠分为A组(8只)、B组(7只)。将A组大鼠皮肤移植给供髓兔,将7只非嵌合体大鼠皮肤移植给非供髓兔作A组对照;将B组大鼠、7只非嵌合体大鼠(B组对照)皮肤同时移植给供髓兔。记录移植后皮片成活时间、创面愈合时间。结果A组对照移植皮片成活(9.3±1.8)d,创面于(20.9±2.1)d愈合;A组移植皮片成活(15.1±2.6)d,创面于(18.5±1.3)d愈合。B组及其对照移植皮片的成活时间、创面愈合时间与A组相似。与各自对照皮肤移植相比,A、B组皮片成活时间延长(P<0.01),创面愈合时间缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论嵌合体大鼠行异种皮肤移植后能诱导移植皮片免疫耐受,使其成活时间明显延长,创面愈合时间缩短。

To explore the feasibility of transplanting the skin from chimeric rats to rabbits. Methods Chimeric rats were produced by transplanting the haematopoietic stem cells （HSCs） from rabbit marrows into fetal rats in uterus and followed by injecting the HSCs into the livers of the rats at newborn stage. After six weeks, the skin from chimeric rats was transplanted to the rabbits. In group A, the skin grafts from chimeric rat donors were transplanted to the HSCs donating rabbits, with the skin from nonchimeric rat to normal rabbits were used as control. In group B, the skin grafts from chimeric and non-chim- eric rats were transplanted to the HSCs donating rabbits at the same time. Gross observation and the surviving time of heterogenic-skin graft were observed . The wound healing time was aslo recorded. Results In group A, the surviving time and the wound healing time of non-chimeric grafts were （ 9.3 ± 1.8） days and （ 20.9 ± 2.1 ） days, respectively, while those in chimeric grafts were （ 15.1 ± 2.6） and （ 18.5 ± 1.3） days, respectively. In group B, the surviving time and the wound healing time of non-chimeric grafts were similar to those of group A. Compared with those in non-chimeric grafts , the surviving time of chimeric grafts in both groups were prolonged （ P 〈 0.01 ） ,and the wound healing time shortened （ P 〈 0.05 or 0.01 ）. Most of the wounds healed quickly after rejection of chimeric grafts, while the wounds with non-chimeric grafts were re-opened with exudation and some necrotic tissue. Conclusion Immunologic tolerance for skin graft can be induced by the skin from chimeric donors, which can prolong the surviving time of skin grafts and shorten the wound healing time.