产品设计中基于图解思维的隐性知识表达

PATTERNS OF TACIT KNOWLEDGE BASED ON GRAPHIC THINKING IN PRODUCT DESIGN

从工业设计出发,提出图解思维的方法来研究产品设计中用户和设计师的隐性知识。探讨图解思维的概念和特点,结合口语分析法,以运动型手机外形设计为例,从抽象层面到形象层面通过三个试验研究用户和设计师的隐性知识表达过程,并以试验数据为基础,提出产品设计过程中两种隐性知识表达模式,分析这两种模式与设计要求,以及设计结果之间的关系。研究表明:用户和设计师的隐性知识表达模式存在较大差异;用户倾向于形象思维表达模式,设计师既注重形象思维表达,又注重抽象思维表达;用户的隐性知识表达是断续的,设计师的隐性知识表达是连续的和网络状的。

From industrial design, an approach of graphic thinking is proposed to study users＇ and designers＇ patterns of tacit knowledge in product design. The concepts and attributes of graphic thinking are introduced and explored. Taken the sporting mobile phone form design as an example, protocol analysis is adopted with graphic thinking in three experiments to analyze users＇ and designers＇ tacit knowledge presentation processes fi＇om abstract level to concrete level. Based on data offered by the experiments, two types and patterns of tacit knowledge in the scheme design about form are proposed, and the relation with design requirements and design results is discussed. The findings show that： （1） There is a distinct difference between users＇ patterns and designers＇ patterns of tacit knowledge. （2） Users are apt to presentation by image, designers are apt to both image and abstract. （3） Users＇ tacit knowledge representation is intermittent, but designers＇ is continuous and reticular.