德国“哈茨改革”及其绩效评估

Context,Content and Performance of "Hartz Reforms"

文章分析了德国劳动力市场改革的背景,介绍了"哈茨改革"的主要内容,并从是否兼顾了社会保险水平和市场效率的角度对改革的绩效进行了评估,提出并讨论了引入"负所得税"的办法来对德国劳动力市场进行进一步改革的可行性。文章认为,劳动力市场改革的成功,需要兼顾失业保险和就业激励并获取政治支持,而哈茨改革仅仅是向这个方向迈进的一小步而已。

This paper provides a detailed introduction and analysis of the context and content of German labor market reforms,especially the well-known 'Hartzs reforms'.It also evaluates the reforms from the perspective of 'trade-off' between efficiency and insurance.Based on the evaluation,the impact of introducing negative income tax is then explored.It suggests that,a well designed scheme could cope with the 'trade-off' between incentives and insurance,and by such a way gain political support.The Hartz reforms could be taken as the first step in that direction.