碳化钨增强钢铁基耐磨复合材料的研究和应用

WC Particle Reinforced Steel/iron Matrix Wear Resistant Composites

评述了制备复合材料的铸渗法、粉末烧结法、堆焊法、电渣熔铸法等工艺方法,以及碳化钨和钢铁基体的选择、界面反应和强度、复合材料的性能和应用现状。重点介绍了粘结剂、其他添加剂、碳化钨颗粒形状、粒度及其分布、浇注温度等对铸渗工艺及其表面复合材料的影响。阐明铸渗法是一种有前途的制备工艺,自蔓延工艺和铸造工艺的组合有可能取得新的成效。指出复合层厚度在10mm以上的铸渗工艺,工程化和产业化关键技术以及复合工艺的稳定化是今后的研发重点,表面耐磨复合材料较适用于零部件的局部磨损和低角度的冲蚀磨损,应据磨损工况来选择制备工艺及其复合材料。

The process used to produce the WC particle reinforced steel/iron matrix composites was reviewed including cast-infiltration method,powder metallurgy,overlay welding,electro-slag casting,and the selection of tungsten carbide and the steel/iron base,interface reaction and bonding strength,properties of application of the composites.The effects of parameters,such as binder,additive,shape and size of WC particle,pouring temperature,on the composites fabricated by cast-infiltration method have been paid attention to.It is pointed out that the cast-infiltration method is a promising technique for fabricating the WC particle reinforced steel/iron matrix composites,while the combination of SHS with cast-infiltration is a very potential approach.It is a spotlight on cast-infiltration for fabricating the composites with composite layer of 10 mm in thickness and on stabilization of composites process as well as the key technology of industrialization.Surface wear resistant composites are more suitable for parts in the conditions of local wear and small angle erosion,and the process and the composites should be selected according to the wear conditions.