攀枝花市攀钢工业区土壤重金属污染特征及评价

Characteristics and Assessment of Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals in the Industial Zone of Panzhihua Iron & Steel Group Co.

本文对攀枝花市攀钢工业区土壤中五种重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd)的空间的分布特征、形态分布特征进行了研究,并应用污染负荷指数法对各重金属的污染程度进行了评价。研究发现,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr的最大值与最小值分别相差2.98、3.4、5.2、2.7倍,Cd的最大值与最小值甚至相差15.7倍。重金属元素相关性特征可分为Cd-Pb-Zn和Cu-Cr两组。形态分布特征表现在Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr主要以稳定的残渣态存在,Cd主要以可利用性最强的可交换态和碳酸盐结合态存在。污染较严重的是攀钢机关、攀钢原料场。

The form and spatial distribution of 5 heavy metals （Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd） in soils of the industrial zone of Panzhihua Iron ＆ Steel Group Co. , Panzhihua city were studied, and their pollution degrees were assessed by using pollution load index method. It is concluded that the differences between the maximum value and minimum value of Cu , Pb , Zn , Cr are by 2. 98, 3.4, 5.2, 2. 7 times, respectively, while 15.7 times for Cd. In terms of their correlation characteristics, two groups are divided, Cd - Pb - Zn and the Cu - Cr. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr are mainly exist in the form of stable residues, while Cd mainly exists in the form of unstable exchangeab..le condition and combination with carbonates. Of the contaminated areas, the company＇s head offices and the raw material site are relatively severe.