院外社区获得性肺炎179例临床特征分析

Clinical analysis of 179 patients of community-acquired pneumonia in out-patients

目的 分析院外社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的临床特征。方法 回顾性分析首都医科大学宣武医院发热初检门诊2006—04—01—2006—06—01接诊的179例CAP患者的临床特征。结果 179例患者中14～30岁者104例，占58．1％，既往身体健康者130例，占72、6％，发热后2～4d内50％～80％的患者确诊肺炎。确诊时除发热外，咳嗽、咳痰最常见（占52．5％），另有约1／3患者无呼吸道相关症状；113例患者（63．1％）白细胞计数正常。X线胸片示单侧肺炎147例，占82、1％。对52例随访患者的调查显示，抗生素治疗后约80％患者3d内退热。结论 以发热为主要症状的社区获得性肺炎大多数年轻、并发症少，若诊断及时，多数患者在门诊治疗能取得较好效果。

Objective To analyse the clinical features of community-acquired pneumonia （CAP） in out-patients. Methotis A retrospective study was performed on 179 consecutive patients with CAP in fever clinic of Xuanwu Hospital during two months. Results Most of CAP patients were young（ aged 14 to 30 years, accounting for 58. 1% ）and had no-existing diseases（72.6% ）. Within 2 to 4 days after onset of fever,50% -80% of patients were diagnosed as CAP. About 1/3 of patients had no respiratory symptoms except for fever. Cough and sputum production was seen in 52.5% of patients. WBC was normal in 63. 1%. Unilateral pneumonia often occurred （ accounting for 82. 1% ）. After treatment with antibiotics, fever in 80% （42/52）of cases disappeared within 3 days in follow-up patients. Conclusion In fever clinic, most patients are young and have no-existing diseases. They can be identified as CAP quickly and have good outcomes.